• [S608] Inc. Brøderbund Software, World Family Tree Vol. 15, Ed. 1, Family # 1757 (n.p.: n.pub., unknown publish date).
  • [S609] Inc. Brøderbund Software, World Family Tree Vol. 15, Ed. 1, Family # 1330 (n.p.: n.pub., unknown publish date).
  • [S615] Inc. Brøderbund Software, World Family Tree Vol. 16, Ed. 1, Family # 2144 (n.p.: n.pub., unknown publish date).
  • [S618] Inc. Brøderbund Software, GEDCOM file imported on 27 Dec 1999 from World Family Tree Vol. 6, Ed. 1, Family #6-3214., CD-ROM (n.p.: Release date: August 22, 1996, 1996). Hereinafter cited as WFT 6-3214.
  • [S620] Inc. Brøderbund Software, World Family Tree Vol. 18, Ed. 1, Family #1156., CD-ROM (n.p.: Brøderbund Software Inc., 1998). Hereinafter cited as WFT 18-1156.
  • [S642] Inc. Brøderbund Software, World Family Tree European Origins Vol. E1, Ed. 1, Family #0902 (n.p.: Release date: September 15, 1997, unknown publish date).
  • [S666] Unknown author, Rust of Virginia p. 16 (n.p.: n.pub., unknown publish date).
  • [S669] Inc. Brøderbund Software, World Family Tree Vol. 1, Ed. 1, Family #4085 (n.p.: Release date: November 29, 1995, unknown publish date).
  • [S741] Unknown compiler, World Family Tree Vol. 18, Ed. 1., CD-ROM (n.p.: Brøderbund Software, Inc., Release date: March 27, 1998). Hereinafter cited as World Family Tree Vol. 18, Ed. 1.
  • [S905] e-mail address, online http://worldconnect.rootsweb.com/cgi-bin/igm.cgi?db=:2172660, Karen Moore (unknown location), downloaded 20 July 2002.
  • [S917] e-mail address, online http://worldconnect.rootsweb.com/cgi-bin/igm.cgi?db=traveler, Mike Johnston (unknown location), downloaded updated 30 Oct 2001.
  • [S1430] Translated from the Greek by E. R. A. Sewter, editor, The Alexiad of Anna Comnena (New York: Penguin Books/Viking Penguin, 1969). Hereinafter cited as The Alexiad of Anna Comnena.
  • [S1463] Thierry Stasser, "Stasser email "Re: Aimeri de Narbonne"," e-mail message from e-mail address (https://groups.google.com/g/soc.genealogy.medieval/c/t-7jjfjHxVo/m/4YzombalQZ0J) to e-mail address, 16 August 2003. Hereinafter cited as "Stasser email 16 August 2003."
  • [S1501] Charles Cawley, "Cawley email "Amadeus III Count of Savoy"," e-mail message from e-mail address (unknown address) to e-mail address, 6 November 2003. Hereinafter cited as "Cawley email 2 6 November 2003."
  • [S1525] Richard Borthwick, "Borthwick 23 Jan 1999 email "Re: Agnes of Savoy"," e-mail message from e-mail address (unknown address) to soc.genealogy.medieval, 23 Jan 1999. Hereinafter cited as "Borthwick email 23 Jan 1999."
  • [S1583] Peter Stewart, "Stewart email 23 Feb 2004 "Re: Adelais and Bonne: Whose the mom?"," e-mail message from e-mail address (unknown address) to e-mail address, 23 Feb 2004. Hereinafter cited as "Stewart email 23 Feb 2004."
  • [S1592] Peter Stewart, "Stewart email 29 Feb 2004 "Re: Anna de Kiev"," e-mail message from e-mail address (unknown address) to e-mail address, 29 Feb 2004. Hereinafter cited as "Stewart email 29 Feb 2004."
  • [S1718] Curt Nilsen, "Nilsen email 3 July 2005 "A dumb question about Sex, King Herod, and Settipani"," e-mail message from e-mail address (https://groups.google.com/g/soc.genealogy.medieval/c/L__1rC5cvbA/m/6SL92gNXo1AJ) to e-mail address, 3 July 2005. Hereinafter cited as "Nilsen email 3 July 2005."
  • [S1741] Adrian Channing, "Channing email 22 July 2005: "Re: Belvoir confusion - came from John Throckmorton messages"," e-mail message from e-mail address (unknown address) to e-mail address, 22 July 2005. Hereinafter cited as "Channing email 22 July 2005."
  • [S1768] Thierry Stasser, "Stasser email 31 Aug 2005 "Re: Children of Robert Guiscard and Sikelgaita"," e-mail message from e-mail address (https://groups.google.com/g/soc.genealogy.medieval/c/z4ODwK98jjs/m/5BxUDWlyvxcJ) to e-mail address, 31 Aug 2005. Hereinafter cited as "Stasser email 31 Aug 2005."
  • [S1779] J Bunot, "Bunot email 24 Jan 2005: "Re: d'Auvergne -> Toulouse or Arles"," e-mail message from e-mail address (https://groups.google.com/g/soc.genealogy.medieval/c/v7pU1OHfzao/m/Q7W2eWudpCAJ) to e-mail address, 24 Jan 2005. Hereinafter cited as "Bunot email 24 Jan 2005."
  • [S1813] Stewart Baldwin, "Baldwin email 14 Oct 2004 "Loose ends: children of Conan I of Brittany"," e-mail message from e-mail address (unknown address) to e-mail address, 14 Oct 2004. Hereinafter cited as "Baldwin email 14 Oct 2004."
  • [S1822] John P. Ravilious, "Ravilious email 28 Oct 2004 "Euphemia, Countess of Ross (was Re: Magna Carta line of Eufemia)"," e-mail message from e-mail address (unknown address) to e-mail address, 28 Oct 2004. Hereinafter cited as "Ravilious email 28 Oct 2004."
  • [S1823] Peter Stewart, "Stewart email #1 3 Nov 2004 "Re: Giselbert Duke of Lorraine parentage"," e-mail message from e-mail address (https://groups.google.com/g/soc.genealogy.medieval/c/1Df2gfLgfdM/m/Zx4oLryXDz4J) to e-mail address, 3 Nov 2004. Hereinafter cited as "Stewart email #1 3 Nov 2004."
  • [S1835] Nathaniel Taylor, "Taylor email 6 November 2004 "Re: History of the Wyatts"," e-mail message from e-mail address (unknown address) to e-mail address, 6 November 2004. Hereinafter cited as "Taylor email 6 November 2004."
  • [S1853] Peter Stewart, "Stewart email 6 Jan 2005 email "Re: Umberto III, Count of Savoy"," e-mail message from e-mail address (unknown address) to e-mail address, 6 Jan 2005. Hereinafter cited as "Stewart email 6 Jan 2005."
  • [S1861] John P. Ravilious, "Ravilious email 20 Jan 2005: "Re: Thierry d'Alsace, Count of Flanders"," e-mail message from e-mail address (unknown address) to e-mail address, 20 Jan 2005. Hereinafter cited as "Ravilious email 20 Jan 2005."
  • [S1862] Peter Stewart, "Stewart email 21 Jan 2005 email "Re: Thierry d'Alsace, Count of Flanders"," e-mail message from e-mail address (unknown address) to e-mail address, 21 Jan 2005. Hereinafter cited as "Stewart email 21 Jan 2005."
  • [S1868] J Bunot, "Bunot email 26 Jan 2005: "Toulouse according to Settipani"," e-mail message from e-mail address (unknown address) to e-mail address, 26 Jan 2005. Hereinafter cited as "Bunot email 26 Jan 2005."
  • [S1884] Michael Andrews-Reading, "Andrews-Reading email 13 Feb 2006: "FitzWarine puzzle"," e-mail message from e-mail address (unknown address) to e-mail address, 13 Feb 2006. Hereinafter cited as "Andrews-Reading email 13 Feb 2006."
  • [S1899] Todd Whitesides, "Whitesides email 9 July 2005 "Hugh "of Kevelioc" (1147-1181), Earl of Chester"," e-mail message from e-mail address (unknown address) to e-mail address, 9 July 2005. Hereinafter cited as "Whitesides email 9 July 2005."
  • [S1969] James Dow Allen, "Allen email 1 Oct 2005: "Diana's ancestors fallen at Flodden Field"," e-mail message from e-mail address (unknown address) to e-mail address, 1 Oct 2005. Hereinafter cited as "Allen email 1 Oct 2005."
  • [S2077] John P. Ravilious, "Ravilious email 3 June 2006: "Re: Brittany was Re: William de Mohun's (d Oct 1193) ancestors," e-mail message from e-mail address (unknown address) to e-mail address, 3 June 2006. Hereinafter cited as "Ravilious email 3 June 2006."
  • [S2087] Hans Vogels, "Vogels email 9 Aug 2006: "Hildegard of Flanders Re: Louis VI to Charlemagne Fw: Capetien from Charlemagne"," e-mail message from e-mail address (unknown address) to e-mail address, 9 Aug 2006. Hereinafter cited as "Ravilious email 9 Aug 2006."
  • [S2090] John P. Ravilious, "Ravilious email 19 Aug 2006: "Re: The Comyns and the House of Galloway: a prior Connection ?"," e-mail message from e-mail address (unknown address) to e-mail address, 19 Aug 2006. Hereinafter cited as "Ravilious email 19 Aug 2006."
  • [S2128] John P. Ravilious, "Ravilious email 24 Jan 2007: "Ancestry of Matilda of Apulia: the dukes of Naples"," e-mail message from e-mail address (https://groups.google.com/g/soc.genealogy.medieval/c/HBUMZ5AmysI/m/f-6WOFrSFgIJ) to e-mail address, 24 Jan 2007. Hereinafter cited as "Ravilious email 24 Jan 2007."
  • [S2142] Peter Stewart, "Stewart email 10 Mar 2007: "Re: umberto I Of SAVOY"," e-mail message from e-mail address (unknown address) to e-mail address, 10 Mar 2007. Hereinafter cited as "Stewart email 10 Mar 2007."
  • [S2174] Michael Andrews-Reading, "Andrews-Reading email 31 Aug 2007: "Aspal of Stonham Aspal, Suffolk"," e-mail message from e-mail address (unknown address) to e-mail address, 31 Aug 2007. Hereinafter cited as "Andrews-Reading email 31 Aug 2007."
  • [S2404] Peter Stewart, "Stewart email 24 Nov 2011: "Death of Foulques II, count of Anjou"," e-mail message from e-mail address (unknown address) to e-mail address, 24 Nov 2011. Hereinafter cited as "Stewart email 24 Nov 2011."
  • [S3425] Douglas Richardson, "Richardson email 28 May 2016: "C.P. Addition: New light on the parentage of Maud de Lucy, wife of     Sir Gilbert de Segrave, 1st Lord Segrave (died 1295)"," e-mail message from e-mail address (unknown address) to e-mail address, 28 May 2016. Hereinafter cited as "Richardson email 28 May 2016."
  • [S3884] 1880 Federal Census, 1880 Census TN Davidson Co District 20.
  • [S3885] 1870 Federal Census, 1870 Census TN Davidson Co District 20.
  • [S3886] 1900 Federal Census, 1900 Census TN Davidson Co Nashville.
  • [S3887] 1910 Federal Census, 1910 Census TN Davidson Co Civil Dist 10.
  • [S4122] Gary Boyd Roberts, Royal Descents of 600 Immigrants to the American Colonies or the United States with a 2008 Addendum, Coda and Final Addition, in 2 volumes (Baltimore, MD: Genealogical Publishing Col., Inc., 2008). Hereinafter cited as Roberts Royal Descents of 600 Immigrants.
  • [S4754] A Database of Crusaders to the Holy Land | 1095 - 1149, online <https://www.dhi.ac.uk/crusaders/>. Hereinafter cited as Crusaders to the Holy Land 1095-1149.
  • [S4756] Christian Settipani, "Les vicomtes de Châteaudun et leurs alliés," in Onomastique et Parenté dans l’Occident médiéval, K. S. B. Keats-Rohan and Christian Settipani, editor. (Linacre College, Oxford University: Oxford Unit for Prosopographical Research, 2000). Hereinafter cited as "Settipani [2000] Les vicomtes de Châteaudun."
  • [S4765] Wikipedia - L'enciclopedia libera, online https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pagina_principale. Hereinafter cited as Wikipédia (IT).
  • [S4787] People of Medieval Scotland, online <https://www.poms.ac.uk/>. Hereinafter cited as POMS - People of Medieval Scotland.
  • [S4811] "Origin and early generations of the Tosny family (rev. March 2012)", July 2009, Peter Stewart (e-mail address), to unknown recipient (https://www-personal.umich.edu/~bobwolfe/gentxt/Origin_and_early_generations_of_the_Tosny_family.pdf); unknown repository, unknown repository address. Hereinafter cited as "Stewart (2009/12) Tosny Family."